NCERT solutions for class 6th science chapter 2 - Components of food

 

Chapter 2

Components of Food

Textbook exercise (on page no. 17)

Q1: Name the major nutrients in our food?

Ans: The major nutrients in our food are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals.

 Q2: Name the following :-

(a)  The nutrients which mainly give energy to our body – carbohydrates and fats.

(b) The nutrients that are needed for the growth and maintenance of our body – Proteins and minerals.

(c)  A vitamin required for maintaining good eyesight – Vitamin A

(d) A mineral that is required for keeping our bones healthy – Calcium

 Q3: Name two foods each rich in:

      (1) Fats – Mustard  oil and meat

      (2) Starch – Rice and mango

      (3) Dietary fiber – Pulses and potato

      (4) Protein – Gram and milk

Q4: State the statements that are correct:-

   (1) By eating rice alone, we can fulfill nutritional requirement of our body – Incorrect

  (2) Deficiency diseases can be prevented by eating a balanced diet – Correct

  (3) Balance diet for the body should contain a variety of food items – Correct

  (4) Meat alone is sufficient to provide all nutrients to our body – Incorrect

Q5: Fill in the blanks:-

(1) Rickets is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin D.

(2) Deficiency of Vitamin B1 causes a disease known as Beri – Beri.

(3) Deficiency of Vitamin C causes a disease known as Scurvy.

(4) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin A in our food.

Extra Questions:-  

Define

1.     Nutrients – The main component of food are carbohydrates, protein, fats, vitamins and minerals.

2.     Nutrition – This is the process of taking in food containing the nutrients that provide energy and help in growth development of the body.

3.     Balanced Diet – A diet which provides adequate amount of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals along with roughage and water to maintain a healthy body is known as balanced diet.

4.     Carbohydrates – The food which provides us energy to do work is called carbohydrates eg. Sugar.

5.     Starch – It is the major source of carbohydrate.

True and False:-

1.     Deficiency of Iron causes Anemia – True

2.     Vitamin D helps in clotting of blood – False

3.     Deficiency of Vitamin C causes Scurvy – True

4.     Carbohydrates and fats mainly provide energy to our body – True

5.     Some nutrients get lost in the process of cooking – True

6.     Dietary fibers are also known as roughage – True

Fill in the blanks:-

1.     Sea food is a rich source of Iodine.

2.     Vitamins helps in protecting our body against diseases.

3.     A solution of copper sulphate and Caustic Soda is used to detect the presence of proteins.

4.     Food containing proteins are often called body- building food.

5.     Vitamin B keeps our skin healthy.

6.     Iron is essential for forming hemoglobin in the blood.

MCQs:-

          1.     Which  of the following is a protective food

(a)  Milk

(b) Oils and fats

(c)  Fruits

(d) Cereals

Ans : (c) Fruits

2.     Goiter : swelling of thyroid glands occurs due to the deficiency of

(a)  Iron

(b) Potassium

(c)  Phosphorus

(d) Iodine

Ans : (d) Iodine

3.     Calcium is not required  for

(a)  Strengthing of  bones and teeth

(b) Blood clotting

(c)  Muscle contraction

(d) Conduction of nerve impulses

Ans : (d) Conduction of nerve impulses

4.     Which of the following is considered as body buildings food?

(a)  Proteins

(b) Vitamins

(c)  Fats

(d) Carbohydrates

Ans : (a) Proteins

5.     Our food prepares which type of vitamins in the presence of sunlight?

(a)  Vitamin D

(b) Vitamin A

(c)  Vitamin B

(d) Vitamin K

Ans :- (a) Vitamin D

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NCERT solutions for class 6th science chapter 1 Food where does it come from

Chapter 1

Food: Where does it come from ?

Textbook exercise (on page no. 6)

Q1: Do you find that all living beings need the same kind of food?

Ans: No, all living beings do not need same kind of food because some animals eat plants, some animals eat animals and some eat both plants and animals.

Q2: Name five plants and their parts that we eat.

Ans: Brinjal – fruit

         Paddy – seeds

      Potato – stem

     Spinach – leaves

     Mustard plant – seeds and leaves

     Carrot – root

     Cauliflower – flower

      (write any five)

Q3: Match the items given in Column A with that in Column B

Column A	Column B
Milk, curd, paneer, ghee	Eat other animals
Spinach, cauliflower, carrot	Eat plants and plant products
Lions and tigers	are vegetables
Herbivores	are all animal products

Ans: (1) Milk, curd, paneer, ghee            - are all animal products.

         (2) Spinach, cauliflower, carrot       - are vegetables.

         (3) Lions and tigers                         - Eat other animals.

         (4) Herbivores                                 - Eat plants and plant products.

Q4: Fill up the blanks with the words given:

       Herbivore, Plant, milk, sugarcane, carnivore.

(a)  Tiger is a carnivore because it eats only meat.

(b)  Deer eats only plant products and so, is called herbivore .

(c)  Parrot eats only plant products.

(d) The milk that we drink, which comes from cows, buffaloes and goat is an animal product.

(e)  We get sugar from sugarcane . 

Extra Questions:-

Define the following:-

      

1. Food - The substances which we eat everyday, containing various edible components that provide us energy and materials that help our body to grow and remain healthy are called food.

2. Source of food - There are two main sources of food i.e. plants and animals.

3. Nutrients - The component of food which are required for our body. Major nutrients are:- carbohydrates, fats, proteins and vitamins.

4. Ingredients - The materials that are needed to prepare a particular type of dish are called its ingredients.

5. Edible - The substance which one can eat are called edible.

6. Sprouted Seeds (Sprouting) - The seeds are germinating at the initial stage when a white structure has grown out of seeds are called sprouted seeds.

7. Cellulose - A substance that is found in the cell walls of a number of plants. It is an indigestible fiber and found in grass.

8. Nectar - The sweet juices produced by some flowers are called nectar.

9. Herbivores - Animals that eat only plants are called herbivores. Eg. Cow, buffalo, goat.

10. Carnivores - Animals that eat other animals are called carnivores such as tiger and lion.

11. Omnivores - Animals which eat both the plants and animals are called omnivores such as human beings.

Answer the following questions:- 

Q1- Name two sugar producing plants.

Ans - Sugarcane and Sugarbeet.

Q2 - Name any one plant that grows in water and eaten as food.

Ans – Lotus – stem of Lotus is eaten as food.

Q3 – Give two examples of where two or more parts of a single plant are used as food.

Ans – (1) Mustard – seeds and leaves

           (2) Pumpkin – fruits and flowers

Q4 – Why are humans considered as omnivores ?

Ans – Because they eat both plants and animals. 

Q5 – What is honey ?

Ans – A sweet substance prepared by bees from the nectar i.e. sweet juice collected from flowers is called honey.

Q6 – Give two example of each-

              (1) Herbivores – Cow and Buffalo

              (2) Carnivores – Lion and Tiger

              (3) Omnivores – Human beings and Dog

              (4) Scavengers – Eagle and Vulture

Q7 – Why should we eat cooked food ?

Ans – We should eat cooked food because by cooking we can kill harmful germs and make it germless. Cooked food can be easily digested by our body and cooking also improves the taste of food.

Q8 – Explain the importance of food for living organisms.

Ans – Importance of food for living organisms-

             (1) It provides energy to do various activities.

             (2) It helps in growth.

             (3) It helps to repair and replace damage parts of the body.

             (4) It protects us from infections and diseases.

Q9 – Name the different parts of a banana plant that are used as food.

Ans – Flower, fruit and stem of banana.

Q10 – Name animal food which we get from water resources.

Ans – Fish, Prawn, Lobustar, Crabs.

Q11 – Four fruits which we eat as vegetables.

Ans – Tomato, Brinjal, Ladyfinger, Cucumber.

Fill in the blanks :-

(1) All living organisms heed food.

(2) Human beings are omnivores.

(3) We get food from plants as well as animals.

(4) Different organisms eat different kinds of food.

(5) A child needs food for growth.

True or False :-

(1) Plants are the sources of rice or wheat. (True)

(2) Plants are the only source of food item. (False)

(3) Bees collect the nectar from roots of some plants. (False)

(4) Sprouted seeds gives us more energy. (True)

(5) Milk, cream, butter and ghee all belongs to some group. (True)

MCQs :-

(1) The ingredients required to prepare a dish of boiled rice are:-

(a)  Raw rice

(b) Boiled rice

(c)  Water

(d) Raw rice and water both     

          Ans:- (d) Raw rice and water both

(2) The sources of ingredients are:-

(a)  Plants

(b) Animals

(c)  Plants and Animals both

(d) None of these

Ans:- (c) Plants and Animals both    

(3) Vegetables and foods are provided by:-

(a)  Plants

(b) Animals

(c)  Plants and animals

(d) None of these

Ans:- (a) Plants

(4) Sprouted seeds give energy

(a)  More then dry seeds

(b) Less then dry seeds

(c)  Equal to dry seeds

(d) None of these

Ans:- (a) More then dry seeds

(5) Human beings are

(a)Herbivores

(b)Carnivores

(c)Omnivores

(d)None of these

Ans:- (c) Omnivores

      

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